-
Himalayan glacier study warns of flood and water-supply risks
-
Trump rejects AI slowdown concerns as UN urges coordinated controls
-
Kuwait schools restore classroom routines after remote learning
-
US judge postpones new visa rules for foreign students, journalists
-
US designer Bob Mackie, known for Hollywood glamour, dies at 87
-
Higher wages draw migrant workers to Kashmir despite attacks
-
BIS flags debt and profitability risks in AI-driven market rally
-
Oil supply concerns and AI warnings weigh on global markets
-
Qatar Chamber and Maltese envoy consider business forum
-
'I am the hoax buster': Trump rejects AI danger warnings
-
Spanish PM denies being blackmailed by Morocco
-
Macklemore dropped from Ed Sheeran tour after 'free Palestine' speech
-
Doha Islamic finance forum names AlRayan firms as co-lead partners
-
Trump's son confirms Russian businessman paid for post-wedding festivities
-
Leeds thrash Newcastle to go third in the Premier League
-
Betis beat winless Villarreal to go third
-
Zelensky says Ukraine ready for 'de-escalatory steps'
-
Etihad capacity rises as war disruption weighs on annual earnings
-
In-form Malen fires Roma to Serie A summit, Inter on their heels
-
At G20 summit, US unravels power plant climate rules
-
Lebanese agency reports Israeli shelling and gunfire in south
-
Russian disinformation campaign sets sights on US midterms
-
Expert proposes phased digital reform for Arab business schools
-
England No 8 Pollock could move abroad or switch sports amid contract stand-off
-
Trump rejects 'hoax' warnings that AI could destroy humanity
-
Canada makes pitch as safe place to invest in 'uncertain world'
-
Houthis say Saudi Arabia hits Yemen with 54 strikes after attack on bases
-
In-form Malen fires Roma to Serie A summit
-
Why the far right is losing ground in Sweden
-
IOC visits Lyon amid leadership turmoil for 2030 Winter Olympics
-
Ex-Ireland fly-half O'Gara extends deal as La Rochelle coach
-
New York seizes 12 celeb deep-fake porn sites
-
Russian attacks on Ukraine railways escalating every week: rail CEO to AFP
-
Jesse Eisenberg channels emotional intensity into 'The Debut'
-
France, Iraq deepen energy, defence ties during Zaidi visit
-
Alarm over AI grows as divided US Congress struggles to act
-
Trump says Ukraine, Russia agree not to hit energy targets
-
PopDEX Surpasses $61M TVL and $2B Trading Volume in Closed Beta
-
Nigeria's Dangote refinery launches continent's biggest IPO
-
Oasis announce new 2027 world tour
-
Trump blasts 'sick conspiracy' against AI as warnings mount
-
Women athletes condemn 'sexualised' Sydney Sweeney commercial
-
For Laura Linney, role in Parkinson's-themed movie marked a turning point
-
UN calls for 'urgent action' to rein in AI in face of 'unprecedented risks'
-
Doctors face life sentence over Greek pop star's death
-
Russia intensifies attacks seeking to intimidate Ukraine, Europe
-
Trump moves to axe power plant climate rules
-
Richarlison not in Spurs League Cup squad: De Zerbi
-
Slow the AI race? Investors weigh the potential cost
-
French defence group Thales calls on governments to regulate AI
Top climate fundraiser offers defense of disruptive protests
For years, Margaret Klein Salamon labored behind the scenes to try to convince politicians about the existential threat posed by climate change.
Today, she has changed her approach: the American activist is in charge of a fund that exclusively finances groups engaging in civil disobedience.
It's the "most effective way to change policy fast, and public opinion," the 37-year-old New Yorker told AFP during an interview in her Brooklyn neighborhood.
Salamon is the executive director of the Climate Emergency Fund, which was founded in 2019 by the filmmaker Rory Kennedy -- niece of the late president -- and Getty family heiress Aileen Getty.
Its board of directors includes Adam McKay, director of the satirical film about climate, "Don't Look Up," who is also the biggest donor.
In 2022, the fund distributed $5 million to groups such as Just Stop Oil, Extinction Rebellion, Scientist Rebellion, and more.
These are the groups behind some of the most eye-catching recent climate protests: gluing their hands to roads or airport runways, disrupting sports events or throwing soup or paint at works of art protected by glass.
Such actions have drawn anger and accusations of harming the wider cause.
But Salamon, author of "Facing the Climate Emergency," stands by the headline-grabbing protests.
"Social science and history both are very clear, that disruptive activism is the fastest way to create transformative change," says the Harvard graduate.
"Which tactics of the civil rights movement or the suffragettes or the AIDS movement went too far?" she argues, provocatively.
For her, the arguments against just don't hold water. "I would like to actually hear from someone who says, 'I used to care about climate change, but now that these protesters have used these tactics, I no longer do.'"
- 'Emergency mode' -
The goal, she says, is to make the issue as visible as possible, so that it is present in the minds of voters. And to broaden a sense of "climate emergency," that she believes is "contagious."
"Humans evaluate risk socially, not rationally," explains the trained psychologist, who made a complete career shift shortly after witnessing the devastation caused by Hurricane Sandy in New York City in 2012.
For example if a fire alarm goes off in an office, people take their cues from others and generally stay calm and assume it's a drill, unless told emphatically otherwise, particularly by someone in leadership.
Such mass awareness can happen "pretty quickly," she argues, and trigger a shift into "emergency mode."
That's what it'll take for a massive mobilization of resources she believes, like what happened during the Second World War or during the Covid pandemic.
Activists want to break the "mass delusion of normalcy" among those members of the public that remain passive and disengaged.
They're also targeting the decision-makers themselves, with very concrete results, she argues.
Joe Manchin, a US senator whose vote was key to passing Joe Biden's signature climate law, was followed by protesters for months, blocking his car, his boat, and more. The fund spent around $200,000 to support them.
Salamon is under no illusion that the protests alone were enough to sway the West Virginia lawmaker. But even if they were "two percent of the reason," for passage of the Inflation Reduction Act, which comes with $370 billion in climate investments, "just think about that return on investment."
- 'Not a popularity contest' -
While there has been a large influx of money into the climate space, not enough has been directed towards activism, warns Salamon.
What she calls the "reformist gradualist movement," that works "within the system" and is embodied by groups like Greenpeace, has been the dominant force for decades.
But for new groups, she quickly became aware of the significance of fundraising -- "a very unpopular" role, in her words, but one in which she found herself to be highly effective.
Ironically, she's not personally drawn to protests. Having never been arrested, she says she has nothing but admiration for the "incredibly brave" demonstrators on the ground, some of whom have gone to prison.
She condemns growing repression by governments towards climate dissidents, stressing that the groups supported by the Climate Emergency Fund are committed to being nonviolent.
But she's not worried if public sentiment isn't always in favor. "It's not a popularity contest," she says.
"We're sleepwalking off of a cliff -- and the activists are shaking us, trying to wake us up," she says. No one likes being shaken, but inaction will lead to a far worse outcome.
G.Schulte--BTB