
-
Google ordered to pay Argentine pictured naked in his yard
-
Argentina and Exeter lock Molina joins Western Force
-
US regulators let Skydance acquire Paramount Global
-
US chip maker Intel says revenue rose as it cut ranks
-
Macron says France will recognise State of Palestine
-
Mexico star Hernandez sorry for sexist comments
-
White House lashes out at 'South Park' Trump parody
-
Taiwan's opposition protests ahead of recall vote
-
England's Crawley 'owes' himself more good performances
-
Trump, Fed chief Powell bicker during tense central bank visit
-
France will recognise State of Palestine: Macron
-
Trump tours Fed, ramping up war on central bank
-
Top Justice Dept official meeting Epstein accomplice Maxwell
-
Why are Gazans not getting sorely needed aid?
-
Trump to tour Fed, ramping up war on central bank
-
Crawley and Duckett run riot before India hit back in fourth Test
-
O'Connor climbs to 'brutal' Alpine stage win as Pogacar tightens grip on Tour
-
French anger over toxic chemical piles pressure on Macron
-
Cardoso hoping to make history as first US player at Atletico
-
First half net profit plunges 22% at French luxury group LVMH
-
Pro wrestling legend Hulk Hogan dead at 71
-
O'Connor climbs to 'brutal' Alpine stage win as Pogacar extends Tour lead
-
Arsenal sign Valencia defender Mosquera
-
Hamilton takes matters into his own hands to 'gee up' Ferrari
-
Mirza, Farhan star in Pakistan win but Bangladesh take T20 series
-
French drug baron transferred to new supermax prison
-
Major economies welcome 'milestone' ICJ climate ruling
-
O'Connor climbs to Alpine stage 18 as Pogacar extends Tour lead
-
EU-US trade deals buoy stocks while Tesla plummets
-
Verstappen and Wolff laugh off Sardinia holiday stories
-
Barca's Ter Stegen faces three months out after back surgery
-
American Airlines shares fall on weak forecast
-
Acts of kindness help Athenians cope with heatwave
-
Hungary bans Kneecap performance over 'antisemitic hate speech'
-
Justice Dept to meet Epstein accomplice Maxwell on Thursday
-
Prosecution did not prove case in Canada hockey sex assault trial: judge
-
Horner's exit has no impact on my future plans, Verstappen says
-
England make quick start after dismissing India in fourth Test
-
'Human shield': Niger's ousted president held by junta
-
Notre-Dame gets back St Thomas statue adorning spire base
-
Notorious French singer faces new probe over ex-wife's death
-
India's Pant hits battling fifty as England captain Stokes strikes
-
Trump to tour Fed as war on central bank chief ramps up
-
Farhan's 50 lifts Pakistan to 178-7 in third Bangladesh T20I
-
ICC convicts pair over Central Africa war crimes
-
EU-US trade deal hopes buoy stocks
-
EU turns up pressure with Trump trade deal 'in reach'
-
Atomic Brussels? Support for nuclear power gains ground in EU
-
Isak considers Newcastle exit: report
-
Russian attacks kill 5, including family, in east Ukraine
SCS | -1.62% | 10.51 | $ | |
RBGPF | 9.33% | 75 | $ | |
CMSC | 0% | 22.43 | $ | |
GSK | 0.52% | 38.23 | $ | |
AZN | 0.92% | 73.68 | $ | |
SCU | 0% | 12.72 | $ | |
RIO | -1.24% | 63.83 | $ | |
NGG | -0.58% | 72.23 | $ | |
RYCEF | 1.48% | 13.5 | $ | |
BTI | 0.48% | 52.62 | $ | |
VOD | 1.91% | 11.52 | $ | |
BCE | -0.7% | 24.43 | $ | |
RELX | 1.15% | 53.71 | $ | |
CMSD | -0.18% | 22.85 | $ | |
JRI | -0.46% | 13.15 | $ | |
BCC | -2.22% | 86.43 | $ | |
BP | -1.81% | 32.13 | $ |

AI helps Latin scholars decipher ancient Roman texts
Around 1,500 Latin inscriptions are discovered every year, offering an invaluable view into the daily life of ancient Romans -- and posing a daunting challenge for the historians tasked with interpreting them.
But a new artificial intelligence tool, partly developed by Google researchers, can now help Latin scholars piece together these puzzles from the past, according to a study published on Wednesday.
Inscriptions in Latin were commonplace across the Roman world, from laying out the decrees of emperors to graffiti on the city streets. One mosaic outside a home in the ancient city of Pompeii even warns: "Beware of the dog".
These inscriptions are "so precious to historians because they offer first-hand evidence of ancient thought, language, society and history", said study co-author Yannis Assael, a researcher at Google's AI lab DeepMind.
"What makes them unique is that they are written by the ancient people themselves across all social classes on any subject. It's not just history written by the elite," Assael, who co-designed the AI model, told a press conference.
However these texts have often been damaged over the millennia.
"We usually don't know where and when they were written," Assael said.
So the researchers created a generative neural network, which is an AI tool that can be trained to identify complex relationships between types of data.
They named their model Aeneas, after the Trojan hero and son of the Greek goddess Aphrodite.
It was trained on data about the dates, locations and meanings of Latin transcriptions from an empire that spanned five million square kilometres over two millennia.
Thea Sommerschield, an epigrapher at the University of Nottingham who co-designed the AI model, said that "studying history through inscriptions is like solving a gigantic jigsaw puzzle".
"You can't solve the puzzle with a single isolated piece, even though you know information like its colour or its shape," she explained.
"To solve the puzzle, you need to use that information to find the pieces that connect to it."
- Tested on Augustus -
This can be a huge job.
Latin scholars have to compare inscriptions against "potentially hundreds of parallels", a task which "demands extraordinary erudition" and "laborious manual searches" through massive library and museum collections, the study in the journal Nature said.
The researchers trained their model on 176,861 inscriptions -- worth up to 16 million characters -- five percent of which contained images.
It can now estimate the location of an inscription among the 62 Roman provinces, offer a decade when it was produced and even guess what missing sections might have contained, they said.
To test their model, the team asked Aeneas to analyse a famous inscription called "Res Gestae Divi Augusti", in which Rome's first emperor Augustus detailed his accomplishments.
Debate still rages between historians about when exactly the text was written.
Though the text is riddled with exaggerations, irrelevant dates and erroneous geographical references, the researchers said that Aeneas was able to use subtle clues such as archaic spelling to land on two possible dates -- the two being debated between historians.
More than 20 historians who tried out the model found it provided a useful starting point in 90 percent of cases, according to DeepMind.
The best results came when historians used the AI model together with their skills as researchers, rather than relying solely on one or the other, the study said.
"Since their breakthrough, generative neural networks have seemed at odds with educational goals, with fears that relying on AI hinders critical thinking rather than enhances knowledge," said study co-author Robbe Wulgaert, a Belgian AI researcher.
"By developing Aeneas, we demonstrate how this technology can meaningfully support the humanities by addressing concrete challenges historians face."
E.Burkhard--VB